France’s increasingly firm stance against Russia has been striking in recent years. A key explanation for this tension could lie in their competing interests in Africa—a region that has quietly emerged as a battleground for influence. Let’s unpack why this continent is fueling their rivalry.
Historically, France has held a strong position in its former colonies, particularly in West and Central Africa. The “Françafrique” model ensured Paris access to resources, political leverage, and global relevance. Yet, this dominance has faltered. Coups in Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, and Gabon, coupled with anti-French sentiment and the withdrawal of French troops, have undermined its influence.
Russia, meanwhile, has steadily expanded its footprint since the 2010s. Through arms deals, private military companies (e.g., Wagner Group), and diplomatic initiatives like the Russia-Africa Summits, Moscow supports local regimes and taps into resources—from uranium in Niger to gold in the Central African Republic. This directly challenges French interests. In Mali, for instance, Russia’s influence grew sharply after France’s 2022 military exit—a shift Paris perceives as a provocation.
France has responded forcefully, from accusing Russia of “plundering” African nations to reimagining its regional ties via efforts like the 2021 Montpellier Summit. Success, however, remains limited as African leaders increasingly pivot to partners like Russia, China, and Turkey.
This rivalry transcends Africa. For France, it’s tied to maintaining its role in the EU and NATO; for Russia, it’s a tool to counter Western dominance. Economics, security, and geopolitics converge, with both sides striving for supremacy.
